Análisis de la basura marina desde una perspectiva de las Expediciones a la Reserva de la Biosfera Seaflower, Colombia: fuentes, salud del mar y políticas públicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26640/22159045.2024.629Palabras clave:
Contaminación, Plásticos, Islas Remotas, Gestión de Residuos, Conservación Marina, desechos marinosResumen
El presente análisis explora la problemática de la basura marina y la contaminación por plásticos desde la perspectiva de las Expediciones a la Reserva de la Biosfera Seaflower en Colombia, centrándose en sus posibles fuentes, la salud marina y las implicaciones de las políticas públicas sobre dicha problemática. Esta revisión destaca particularmente la vulnerabilidad que enfrentan las islas remotas frente a la contaminación por plásticos, y en general el deficiente y difícil manejo de las basuras, resultando en graves consecuencias para la salud de los ecosistemas marino-costeros circundantes. A través de un análisis de distribución y del impacto de la basura marina, se proponen prácticas eficaces para la protección ambiental, además de estrategias de gestión sostenible. Se destaca la urgente necesidad de reducir el uso del plástico en ambientes marino-costeros remotos para mitigar los desafíos ambientales y económicos que plantea el limitado manejo operativo de los residuos en islas remotas con espacios limitados.
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de Scisciolo, T., Mijts, E. N., Becker, T., & Eppinga, M. B. (2016). Beach debris on Aruba, Southern Caribbean: Attribution to local land-based and distal marine-based sources. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 106(1-2), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.039
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Fernández, M. A. G., Zaffiro, M. C. T., & Pon, J. (2021). Políticas, regulaciones y estrategias en américa latina y el caribe para prevenir la basura marina y los residuos plásticos. UNEP/LAC-IG.XXII/7.
Fossi, M. C., Pedà, C., Compa, M., Tsangaris, C., Alomar, C., Claro, F., Ioakeimidis, C., Galgani, F., Hema, T., Deudero, S., Romeo, T., Battaglia, P., Andaloro, F., Caliani, I., Casini, S., Panti, C., & Baini, M. (2018). Bioindicators for monitoring marine litter ingestion and its impacts on Mediterranean biodiversity. Environmental Pollution, 237, 1023-1040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.019
Galimany, E., Marco-Herrero, E., Soto, S., Recasens, L., Lombarte, A., Lleonart, J., Abelló, P., & Ramón, M. (2019). Benthic marine litter in shallow fishing grounds in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Waste Management, 95, 620-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.07.004
Garcés-Ordóñez, O., Espinosa Díaz, L. F., Pereira Cardoso, R., & Costa Muniz, M. (2020). The impact of tourism on marine litter pollution on Santa Marta beaches, Colombian Caribbean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111558
Garcés-Ordóñez, O., Espinosa, L. F., Cardoso, R. P., Issa Cardozo, B. B., & Meigikos dos Anjos, R. (2020). Plastic litter pollution along sandy beaches in the Caribbean and Pacific coast of Colombia. Environmental Pollution, 267, 115495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115495
Garcés-Ordóñez, O., Mejía-Esquivia, K. A., Sierra-Labastidas, T., Patiño, A., Blandón, L. M., & Espinosa Díaz, L. F. (2020). Prevalence of microplastic contamination in the digestive tract of fishes from mangrove ecosystem in Cispata, Colombian Caribbean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 154, 111085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111085
Geister, J., & Díaz, J. M. (2007). Ambientes arrecifales y geología de un archipiélago oceánico: San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina (mar Caribe, Colombia) con guía de campo. Ingeominas.
Gorman, D., & Turra, A. (2016). The role of mangrove revegetation as a means of restoring macrofaunal communities along degraded coasts. Science of The Total Environment, 566-567, 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.089
Grelaud, M., & Ziveri, P. (2020). The generation of marine litter in Mediterranean island beaches as an effect of tourism and its mitigation. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20326. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77225-5
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Invemar, & Coralina. (2012). Atlas de la reserva de Biosfera Seaflower. En Coralina. http://www.invemar.org.co/redcostera1/invemar/docs/10447AtlasSAISeaflower.pdf
Ivar do Sul, J. A., & Costa, M. F. (2007). Marine debris review for Latin America and the Wider Caribbean Region: From the 1970s until now, and where do we go from here? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 54(8), 1087-1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.05.004
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