Contribuciones de las expediciones científicas al conocimiento de la basura marina en la Reserva de la Biósfera Seaflower Caribe colombiano: análisis del estado de contaminación, impactos y políticas públicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26640/22159045.2024.629Palabras clave:
Contaminación, desechos marinos, Gestión de Residuos, Islas Remotas, Plásticos, Conservación marinaResumen
Este estudio analiza la basura marina y la contaminación por plásticos a partir de las expediciones científicas realizadas en la Reserva de la Biósfera Seaflower, Colombia. Identifica las posibles fuentes de contaminación, evalúa sus impactos en la salud marina y examina el papel de las políticas públicas en la gestión de este problema crítico. El análisis destaca la vulnerabilidad de las islas remotas a la contaminación por plásticos y los desafíos asociados con sistemas de gestión de residuos limitados e ineficientes, que generan serias consecuencias para los ecosistemas marino-costeros. Se analizan la distribución y los impactos de la basura marina para proponer medidas efectivas de protección ambiental y estrategias sostenibles de gestión. Este estudio enfatiza la urgente necesidad de reducir el uso de plásticos para mitigar los desafíos ambientales y económicos derivados de la limitada capacidad de gestión de residuos en islas remotas con espacio operativo restringido.
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Clayton, C. A., Walker, T. R., Bezerra, J. C., & Adam, I. (2021). Policy responses to reduce single-use plastic marine pollution in the Caribbean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 162, 111833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111833
Courtene-Jones, W., Maddalene, T., James, M. K., Smith, N. S., Youngblood, K., Jambeck, J. R., Earthrowl, S., Delvalle-Borrero, D., Penn, E., & Thompson, R. C. (2021). Source, sea and sink—A holistic approach to understanding plastic pollution in the Southern Caribbean. Science of The Total Environment, 797, 149098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149098
de Scisciolo, T., Mijts, E. N., Becker, T., & Eppinga, M. B. (2016). Beach debris on Aruba, Southern Caribbean: Attribution to local land-based and distal marine-based sources. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 106(1-2), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.039
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Diez, S. M., Patil, P. G., Morton, J., Rodriguez, D. J., Vanzella, A., Robin, D. V., & Maes, T. (2019). Marine Pollution in the Caribbean: Not a Minute to Waste. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/482391554225185720/pdf/Marine-Pollution-in-the-Caribbean-Not-a-Minute-to-Waste.pdf
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Fernández, M. A. G., Zaffiro, M. C. T., & Pon, J. (2021). Políticas, regulaciones y estrategias en américa latina y el caribe para prevenir la basura marina y los residuos plásticos. UNEP/LAC-IG.XXII/7.
Fossi, M. C., Pedà, C., Compa, M., Tsangaris, C., Alomar, C., Claro, F., Ioakeimidis, C., Galgani, F., Hema, T., Deudero, S., Romeo, T., Battaglia, P., Andaloro, F., Caliani, I., Casini, S., Panti, C., & Baini, M. (2018). Bioindicators for monitoring marine litter ingestion and its impacts on Mediterranean biodiversity. Environmental Pollution, 237, 1023-1040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.019
Galimany, E., Marco-Herrero, E., Soto, S., Recasens, L., Lombarte, A., Lleonart, J., Abelló, P., & Ramón, M. (2019). Benthic marine litter in shallow fishing grounds in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Waste Management, 95, 620-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.07.004
Garcés-Ordóñez, O., Espinosa Díaz, L. F., Pereira Cardoso, R., & Costa Muniz, M. (2020). The impact of tourism on marine litter pollution on Santa Marta beaches, Colombian Caribbean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111558
Garcés-Ordóñez, O., Espinosa, L. F., Cardoso, R. P., Issa Cardozo, B. B., & Meigikos dos Anjos, R. (2020). Plastic litter pollution along sandy beaches in the Caribbean and Pacific coast of Colombia. Environmental Pollution, 267, 115495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115495
Garcés-Ordóñez, O., Mejía-Esquivia, K. A., Sierra-Labastidas, T., Patiño, A., Blandón, L. M., & Espinosa Díaz, L. F. (2020). Prevalence of microplastic contamination in the digestive tract of fishes from mangrove ecosystem in Cispata, Colombian Caribbean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 154, 111085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111085
Geister, J., & Díaz, J. M. (2007). Ambientes arrecifales y geología de un archipiélago oceánico: San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina (mar Caribe, Colombia) con guía de campo. Ingeominas.
Gorman, D., & Turra, A. (2016). The role of mangrove revegetation as a means of restoring macrofaunal communities along degraded coasts. Science of The Total Environment, 566-567, 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.089
Grelaud, M., & Ziveri, P. (2020). The generation of marine litter in Mediterranean island beaches as an effect of tourism and its mitigation. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20326. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77225-5
Hall, N. M., Berry, K. L. E., Rintoul, L., & Hoogenboom, M. O. (2015). Microplastic ingestion by scleractinian corals. Marine Biology, 162(3), 725-732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-015-2619-7
IMO. (2024). Marine litter. International Maritime Organization. https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/marinelitter-default.aspx.
Invemar, & Coralina. (2012). Atlas de la reserva de Biosfera Seaflower. En Coralina. http://www.invemar.org.co/redcostera1/invemar/docs/10447AtlasSAISeaflower.pdf
Ivar do Sul, J. A., & Costa, M. F. (2007). Marine debris review for Latin America and the Wider Caribbean Region: From the 1970s until now, and where do we go from here? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 54(8), 1087-1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.05.004
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