Sedimentological and morphological characterization of the bay of Cartagena (2000-2020)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26640/22159045.2022.587Keywords:
Morphology, bay of Cartagena, sediments, canal del DiqueAbstract
This research focused on the identification of the morphological units and the textural and compositional characterization of the bottom sediments of the Bay of Cartagena, with information from the year 2020. The bathymetric data available for the last 20 years were collected from the National Hydrographic Service, obtaining data from surveys with single beam technology from the years 2000, 2004, and 2012, and a survey with multibeam technology from the year 2020. With this information, digital elevation models were generated, using which seabed geoforms and bathymetric comparison were interpreted. As a result of this process, it was concluded that one of the main changes in the geoforms of the bottom of Cartagena Bay is the progradation of the delta and sedimentation of up to 18.5 m during the period studied, which was caused by the sediment contribution of the Canal del Dique. In addition, there are increases in depth in sectors near ports, which may be due to dredging carried out to ensure the navigability and functionality of the ports of Cartagena. With the textural and compositional information of 85 samples from the bay, collected every 1 km in February 2020, it was identified that the bay is greatly influenced by lithoclastic sediments, making up 73 % of the samples, while only 4 % of the samples are classified as being of bioclastic material. Similarly, a predominance of muddy sediments was observed, with 65.26 % of samples classified in this size range (4φ to 10φ); followed by 31.10 % sand (-1φ to 4φ) and only 3.64% gravel (φ < -1). This highlights the prevalence of fine sediments and gives support to the argument of several authors stating that the calcareous sediments present in the bay are being covered by terrigenous sediments transported mainly by the Canal del Dique, which plays a fundamental role in the sedimentation of the area.
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