Termo-haline temporal variations in the Colombian Basin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26640/22159045.197Keywords:
Caribbean sea, water masses, hermo-haline circulation, climatic change, Ocean basinsAbstract
Twelve oceanographic CTD sections made by the oceanographic ships of the Colombian Navy in the Colombian Basin are described and compared with historical data taken by R/V'Atlantis' in 1933 and by the R/V'Crawford' in 1958, the Colombian Oceanographic Ships ARC “San Andres” in 1969, 1975, ARC “Providencia” in 1981 and ARC “Malpelo” in 1993, to analyze and examine the long term thermo-haline tendencies. Subtropical Underwater mass was found displayed southward occupying the entire Basin below the picnocline down to 300 m with maximum salinities of 37+-0.2 psu. Analysis of historical data available suggests the possible replacement with South Atlantic Central Water Mass in the South West Caribbean and a time scale of about 50 years. Intermediate Antarctic Water comes from the Venezuela Basin and it is driven northward passing to the Cayman Sea. It is possible that the intermittent replacement of watermass would respond to a long term tendency that posses it as a frequent climatic change factor for the basin.Downloads
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References
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[2] Andrade, C.A., E.D. Barton y C.N.K. Mooers, Evidence for an Eastward Flow along the Central and South American Caribbean Coast, Journal of Geophysical Research. 108 (C6): 3185.
[3] Andrade, C.A. Las corrientes superficiales en la Cuenca de Colombia observadas con boyas de deriva. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Septiembre, 2001. 25 (96): 321-335.
[4] Leaman, K.D. y W.D. Wilson, Physical Variability of Surface Currents in the Panama-Colombia Gyre: Nature, causes and comparisons with a high resolution numerical-model. First Biennial IASI Science Meeting - noviembre 9-11 (abstract), 1999.
[5] Andrade, C.A. y E.D. Barton, Eddy development and motion in the Caribbean Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 105, (C11.): 26,191-26,201, noviembre, 2000.
[6] Nystuen, J.A. y C.A. Andrade, Tracking mesoscale ocean features in the Caribbean Sea using GEOSAT altimetry, J. Geophys. Res., 1993. (98): 8389-8394.
[7] Urbano, J., Análisis de masas de agua del Caribe colombiano, Boletín Científico CIOH, 1993. (13).
[8] Cabrera, E. y M.C. Donoso, Características oceanográficas del Caribe colombiano, región III, Zona 1, PDCTM, Boletín Científico CIOH, 1993. (13):19-32.
[9] Giraldo, L., Análisis de las masas de agua y control de calidad de la información oceanográfica, Boletín Científico. 1994. (15): 17-38.
[10] Hastenrath, S. y P.J. Lamb, Climatic Atlas of the Tropical Atlantic y Eastern Pacific Oceans: Madison, University of Winscosin Press, 25, 97 planos, 1977.
[11] Parr, A.E., Acontribution to the Hydrography of the Caribbean y Cayman Seas, based upon the observations made by the Research Ship 'Atlantis', 1933-1934. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect., 1936. 5(4).
[12] Fuglister, F.C., Atlantic Ocean Atlas of Temperature y Salinity profiles and data from the International Geophysical year of 1957-1958, Woods Hole Oceanography Institute, Atlas Series, 1, 209 pp., junio 1960.
[13] McClain, E.P. Operational implementations of AVHRR only Multi-channel Sea surface temperature products. Documento sin publicar presentado a la 32a. reunión del Panel de Investigación de NOAA/NESS SST, 1982.
[14] NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/Ocean Climate Laboratory, World Ocean Data, CDROM data set, 1994.
[15] Wust, G., Stratification and circulation in the Antillean-Caribbean Basins, Part I, Spreading y Mixing of the Water Types with an Oceanographic Atlas. Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 20 pp. + apéndices, 1964.
[16] Wust, G., On the stratification and the circulation in de cold water sphere of the Antillean-Caribbean basin. Deep Sea Res. 1963. (10): 165-187.
[17] Worthington, L.V., On the North Atlantic Circulation. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md., 120pp., 1976.
[18] Herrera, L. E. y G. Febres - Ortega, Thermohaline characteristics of the surface waters from the southeastern part of the Caribbean Sea during the rain season. Bol. Inst. Oceanogr., Univ. Oriente, Cumaná, 1976. 5(1): 97-114.
[19] Morrison, J.M. y W.D. Nowlin, Jr., General distributions of water masses within the Eastern Caribbean Sea during the winter of 1972 and fall of 1973, J. Geophys. Res., 1982. (87): 4207-4229.
[20] Gonzáles, E. ,Oceanografía física descriptiva del Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia, con base en el análisis de los cruceros OCEANO VI a IX, Boletín Cientítico CIOH, 1987. (7): 73-100.
[21] Stansfield, K.L., M.J. Bowman, S.J. Fauria, y T.C. Wilson, Water mass and coastal current variability near to Barbados, West Indies, J. Geophys. Res., 1995. 100(C12): 24819-24830.
[22] Winter, A., C. Goenaga y G.A. Maul, Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Time Series From an 18-year Caribbean Reef Coral, J. Geophys. Res., 1991. 96(C9): 16673-16678.
[23] Richardson, P.L. y D. Walsh, Mapping climatological seasonal variations of surface currents in the Tropical Atlantic using ship drifts, J. Geophys. Res., 1986. (91):10537-10550.
[24] Didden, N. y F. Schott, Eddies in the North Brazil Current retroflection region observed by Geosat altimetry, J. Geophys. Res., 1993. 98(20): 20121- 20131.
[25] Limeburner, R., R.C. Beardsley, I.D.Soares, S.J. Lentz y J. Candela, Lagranian flow observations of the Amazon River discharge into the North Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res., 1995. 100(C2): 2401-2415.
[26] Wilson, W.D., E. Johns y R.L. Molinari, Upper layer circulation in the Western Tropical North Atlantic Ocean during August 1989, J. Geophys. Res., 1994. 99(C11): 22513-22523.
[27] Defant, A., Physical Oceanography, Pergamon Press, pp.1319, 1961.
[28] Johns, W.E., T.N. Lee, F.A. Schott, R.J. Zantopp and R.H. Evans, The North Brazil Current Retroflection: seasonal structure and eddy variability. J. Geophys. Res., 1990. 95, 22, 103-120.
[29] Landsea, C.W., R. Pielke, A.M. Mestas-Nuñez y J.A. Knaff, Atlantic basin hurricanes: Indices of climatic changes, in Climatic Change, 42, 89-129, Kluwer, Academic Publishers, 1999.
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2009-12-05
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How to Cite
Termo-haline temporal variations in the Colombian Basin. (2009). CIOH Scientific Bulletin, 27, 8-21. https://doi.org/10.26640/22159045.197
