Remote sensing and geomorphologic analysis as base information for control and management of the littoral between the mouth of Gaira river and the south end of the Simón Bolívar Airport, Magdalena Region, Colombian Caribbean
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26640/22159045.224Keywords:
Littoral, control and management, DIMAR ́s jurisdiction, Colombian CaribbeanAbstract
The littoral zones are one of the most threatened ecosystems in the planet. The increment of the population seated in them, the development of economic and social activities, the same as global warming, constitute the biggest threats for these valuable and fragile areas.
The National Maritime Authority, represented by the General Maritime Direction (DIMAR), established a work methodology based on the use, among other components, of digital orthophotograps and LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data sensor, as well as of geomorphologic analysis to establishment the spatial limit of the public’s use goods located about the entirety of the coast Colombian Caribbean and that for legal mandate, are low its jurisdiction.
The present research of the application of the remote sensing and geomorphologic analysis, were developed in a sector of the Magdalena’s department coast understood among the Gaira river mouth and the south part of the Simón Bolívar airport, with the purpose of generating the technical base information (analysis and geomorphologic map) to later on, the National Maritime Authority practice, in a more accuracy way, the control and management of this important littoral space.
The development of the research understood the use of the two remote sensing techniques before mentioned, the Digital Terrain Model generation, terrain profiles, slope map and photointerpretation and analysis to geomorphologic units mapping identified in the study area. Additionally, was made the fieldwork and the analysis of the available aerial photographs, as complementary and reference information to corresponding mapping. The storage of the information was carried out through the conformation of a local Geodatabase, allowing to identify and quantify the units of hills (235.24 Ha), beach (180.80 Ha), coastal plain (704.41 Ha), alluvial plain (15.21 Ha), coastal lagoon (2.92 Ha) and water bodies (1.99 Ha).
The obtained results about the extension of public’s use goods, established that 180.80 Ha correspond to beaches; 15.15 Ha to intertidal zones and 20.64 to DIMAR ́s jurisdiction fringe of fifty meters, for a total ex-tension of public ́s use goods under DIMAR ́s jurisdiction of 184.15 Ha. Based in the information of IGAC ́s aerial photographs of 1955 and 1975, it could settle down the evolution and transformation of the geomorphological units in two specific places as a result of the intense anthropic activity that has been presented in these sectors. The employment of these remote sensing techniques (aerial photographs and airborne scanner LiDAR) and the geomorphologic classification made, help to search explanations of phenomenon that have happened in this littoral area of the Magdalena’s department and at the same time, they conformed an important contribution to the technical foundation to carry out an appropriate control and administration of these areas by the National Maritime Authority.
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